Generated Fri, 24 Jul 2026 17:45:56 GMT · 8 references checked against CrossRef and OpenAlex
4
Verified (50%)
2
Metadata mismatch (25%)
2
Not found (25%)
2 reference(s) could not be found in any scholarly database and are likely fabricated; 2 resolve to a real record but carry inconsistent metadata. Both categories warrant manual review before this manuscript is trusted or advanced.
R1Verified
He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., & Sun, J. (2016). Deep residual learning for image recognition. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (pp. 770-778). https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.2016.90
Finding: DOI resolves to a real record whose title matches (sim 1).
Matched record
Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition · 2016 · He, Zhang, Ren, Sun
2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · DOI 10.1109/cvpr.2016.90 · source: CrossRef
Verification trail
CrossRef DOI lookup (10.1109/CVPR.2016.90): resolves
R2Verified
Devlin, J., Chang, M.-W., Lee, K., & Toutanova, K. (2019). BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. In Proceedings of NAACL-HLT (pp. 4171-4186). https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/N19-1423
Finding: DOI resolves to a registered record; title metadata is missing in the source, so verified via author (Devlin) + year (2019).
Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North · DOI 10.18653/v1/n19-1423 · source: CrossRef
Verification trail
CrossRef DOI lookup (10.18653/v1/N19-1423): resolves
R3Verified
Breiman, L. (2001). Random forests. Machine Learning, 45(1), 5-32. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010933404324
Finding: DOI resolves to a real record whose title matches (sim 1).
Matched record
Random Forests · 2001 · Breiman
Machine Learning · DOI 10.1023/a:1010933404324 · source: CrossRef
Verification trail
CrossRef DOI lookup (10.1023/A:1010933404324): resolves
R4Verified
Hochreiter, S., & Schmidhuber, J. (1997). Long short-term memory. Neural Computation, 9(8), 1735-1780.
Finding: Matches a real record in OpenAlex (title sim 1.00, word overlap 1.00).
Matched record
Long Short-Term Memory · 1997 · Hochreiter, Schmidhuber
Neural Computation · DOI 10.1162/neco.1997.9.8.1735 · source: OpenAlex
Verification trail
CrossRef + OpenAlex title search, top match: Long Short-Term Memory (sim 1, word overlap 1)
R5Metadata mismatch
Vaswani, A., & Shazeer, N. (2019). Attention-based neural machine translation for low-resource languages. Transactions of the ACL. https://doi.org/10.1145/3065386
Finding: DOI is real but resolves to a different work ("ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks"), claimed title does not match (sim 0.35).
Matched record
ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks · 2017 · Krizhevsky, Sutskever, Hinton
Communications of the ACM · DOI 10.1145/3065386 · source: CrossRef
Verification trail
CrossRef DOI lookup (10.1145/3065386): resolves
R6Metadata mismatch
Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., & Hinton, G. E. (2022). ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. Communications of the ACM.
Finding: A real matching work exists in CrossRef, but the claimed year (2022) disagrees with the record (2017).
Matched record
ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks · 2017 · Krizhevsky, Sutskever, Hinton
Communications of the ACM · DOI 10.1145/3065386 · source: CrossRef
Verification trail
CrossRef + OpenAlex title search, top match: ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks (sim 1, word overlap 1)
R7Not found · likely fabricated
Okafor, R., & Lindqvist, M. (2023). Self-supervised curriculum distillation for federated graph transformers. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems. https://doi.org/10.1109/FAKE.2023.99999
Finding: DOI 10.1109/FAKE.2023.99999 does not resolve in CrossRef, no such record exists.
Verification trail
CrossRef DOI lookup (10.1109/FAKE.2023.99999): does not resolve
R8Not found · likely fabricated
Zphyr, K., & Marlowe, T. (2021). Transformer-free attention via holographic embeddings for zero-shot citation retrieval. Journal of Synthetic Intelligence Studies, 14(3), 221-248.
Finding: No record with a matching title found in CrossRef or OpenAlex (best title sim 0.65, word overlap 0.25), likely fabricated.
Verification trail
CrossRef + OpenAlex title search, top match: Multi-scale cross-attention transformer via graph embeddings for few-shot molecular property prediction (sim 0.65, word overlap 0.25)